Hillary’s Speech: Internet Freedom互联网自由
The prepared text of U.S. of Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton’s speech, delivered at the Newseum in Washington, D.C.
1月21 日22：30开始 在华盛顿的新闻博物馆，美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿发表的演讲。
Thank you, Alberto for that kind introduction. It’s a pleasure to be here at the Newseum. This institution is a monument to some of our most precious freedoms, and I’m grateful for this opportunity to discuss how those freedoms apply to the challenges of the 21st century. I’m also delighted to see so many friends and former colleagues.
谢谢你，Alberto，为你这样好的介绍。能够到新闻展览厅来我很高兴。这个机构是对我们的一些最有价值的自由的一座纪念碑，有这个机会来讨论这些自由怎么来应对21世纪的挑战，我对此心怀感激。我高兴能够在这里看到许多朋友和前同事。
This is an important speech on an important subject. But before I begin, I want to speak briefly about Haiti. During the last nine days, the people of Haiti and the people of the world have joined together to deal with a tragedy of staggering proportions. Our hemisphere has seen its share of hardship, but there are few precedents for the situation we’re facing in Port-au-Prince. Communication networks have played a critical role in our response. In the hours after the quake, we worked with partners in the private sector to set up the text “HAITI” campaign so that mobile phone users in the United States could donate to relief efforts via text message. That initiative has been a showcase for the generosity of the American people and it’s raised over $25 million for recovery efforts.
这是关于一项重要的议题的重要的演讲。但是在我开始之前，我想要简短地谈一谈海地。在过去的9天里，海地的人民和全世界的人民加入到一起来应对这一令人震惊的悲剧。我们这个半球曾经看到过艰难困苦，但是还少有像现在我们面对太子港这样的先例。信息网络在我们的应对中起到了关键的作用。在地震过后的几个小时内，我们和私人领域的伙伴们协同工作，设立了“HAITI”这条短信活动让全美国的手机用户可以向赈灾活动捐款。这一举动就是美国人民的慷慨地表现示例，而且它为赈灾筹集了超过$2500万美元的善款。
Information networks have also played a critical role on the ground.
信息系统在地面上也起到了举足轻重的作用。
The technology community has set up interactive maps to help identify needs and target resources. And on Monday, a seven-year-old girl and two women were pulled from the rubble of a collapsed supermarket by an American search and rescue team after they sent a text message calling for help. These examples are manifestations of a much broader phenomenon.
技术社团设立了交互式的地图来帮助确认人们的需要和目标资源。在星期一，一位7岁大的女孩和2名妇女从倒塌的超市废墟中由美国的救援队救出，之前她们发送了一条呼救的手机短信。这些例子是一个更为宏大的现象的体现。
The spread of information networks is forming a new nervous system for our planet. When something happens in Haiti or Hunan the rest of us learn about it in real time – from real people. And we can respond in real time as well. Americans eager to help in the aftermath of a disaster and the girl trapped in that supermarket are connected in ways that we weren’t a generation ago. That same principle applies to almost all of humanity. As we sit here today, any of you – or any of our children – can take out tools we carry with us every day and transmit this discussion to billions across the world.
信息网络的扩散正在我们的星球上形成一套新的神经系统。当海地或湖南有事发生的时候，其他的人可以实时地了解——从真实的人那儿。而我们也可以立刻行动。美国人能够立刻在灾难之后施以援手，被陷在超市里的女孩能够以我们在一个时代之前所不能做到的方式与我们取得联系。同样的原则适用于整个人类。当我们今天坐在这个时候，你们当中的任何人——或我们的任何一个孩子——都可以拿出我们每天随身携带的工具，把这一讨论向全球几十亿人传播。
In many respects, information has never been so free. There are more ways to spread more ideas to more people than at any moment in history. Even in authoritarian countries, information networks are helping people discover new facts and making governments more accountable.
在许多方面，信息从来没有如此自由。现在，比历史上的任何时候都有更多的方法将更多的思想传递给更多的人。即使是在威权国家中，信息系统也在帮助人们发现新的事实，让政府变得更有责任。
During his visit to China in November, President Obama held a town hall meeting with an online component to highlight the importance of the internet. In response to a question that was sent in over the internet, he defended the right of people to freely access information, and said that the more freely information flows, the stronger societies become. He spoke about how access to information helps citizens to hold their governments accountable, generates new ideas, and encourages creativity. The United States’ belief in that truth is what brings me here today.
在奥巴拉总统十一月份访问中国的时候，他举行的一场市政厅会议中，在谈及网络的部分他重点强调了互联网的重要性。在回答一个通过互联网提出的问题时，他说信息流动的越自由，社会就会变得越强壮。他谈到了信息可以帮助公民们把政府锻造得更有责任，产生新的思想，和鼓励创造力。美国对这一真理的信念让我在今天讲这番话。
But amid this unprecedented surge in connectivity, we must also recognize that these technologies are not an unmitigated blessing. These tools are also being exploited to undermine human progress and political rights. Just as steel can be used to build hospitals or machine guns and nuclear energy can power a city or destroy it, modern information networks and the technologies they support can be harnessed for good or ill. The same networks that help organize movements for freedom also enable al Qaeda to spew hatred and incite violence against the innocent. And technologies with the potential to open up access to government and promote transparency can also be hijacked by governments to crush dissent and deny human rights.
但是当联系变得前所未有的紧密中，我们必须承认这些技术并不是纯粹的好事。这些工具也被用来和破坏人类的进步和政治权利。正如钢铁可以被用来修建医院或机关枪，核能力可以为城市提供能源或摧毁它，现在的信息网络和由它们支撑的技术也有好有坏。帮助组织争取自由的运动的网络也可以让基地组织喷出
仇恨，对平民施暴。有可能让政府更开放和提升透明度的技术也同样可能被政府劫持，用来打击异见者和抵制人权。
In the last year, we’ve seen a spike in threats to the free flow of information. China, Tunisia, and Uzbekistan have stepped up their censorship of the internet. In Vietnam, access to popular social networking sites has suddenly disappeared. And last Friday in Egypt, 30 bloggers and activists were detained. One member of this group, Bassem Samir – who is thankfully no longer in prison – is with us today. So while it is clear that the spread of these technologies is transforming our world, it is still unclear how that transformation will affect the human rights and welfare of much of the world’s population.
去年，我们看到了威胁信息自由的障碍。中国、突尼斯和乌兹别克斯坦提升了对互联网的内容审核。在越南，受欢迎的社交网站突然无法连接。上的星期五，在埃及，30名博主和运动家被拘禁。虽然很明显这些技术的传播在改变我们的世界，不明朗的是这些改变会如何影响人权和世界上大多数人的福利。
SYNCING PROGRESS WITH PRINCIPLES
让技术与原则同步
On their own, new technologies do not take sides in the struggle for freedom and progress. But the United States does. We stand for a single internet where all of humanity has equal access to knowledge and ideas. And we recognize that the world’s information infrastructure will become what we and others make of it.
新技术本身不会在自由和进步的过程中选择方向。但是美国会。我们主张一个所有人都可以平等接触到知识和思想的单一互联网。我们认识到这个世界的信息平台将由我们和他人共同打造。
This challenge may be new, but our responsibility to help ensure the free exchange of ideas goes back to the birth of our republic. The words of the First Amendment to the Constitution are carved in 50 tons of Tennessee marble on the front of this building. And every generation of Americans has worked to protect the values etched in that stone.
这一挑战可能前所未有，但是我们要帮助能够自由地交换思想这一责任可以追溯到这个国家的诞生之初。宪法的第一修正案中的话就刻在这一建筑的前面一块重达50吨的田纳西大理石碑上。每一代美国人都曾经为保护这块石头上的价值观而努力。
Franklin Roosevelt built on these ideas when he delivered his Four Freedoms speech in 1941. At the time, Americans faced a cavalcade of crises and a crisis of confidence. But the vision of a world in which all people enjoyed freedom of expression, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear transcended the trouble of his day.
富兰克林·罗斯福在一九四一年他的四次关于自由的演讲中塑造了这些观念。那时，美国正面临着一系列的灾难和信心危机。但是这一信念：世界上的所有人都享有言论自由、宗教自由、免于欲望和免于恐惧的自由，则超越了他的时代的重重困难。
Years later, one of my heroes, Eleanor Roosevelt, worked to have these principles adopted as a cornerstone of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They have provided a lodestar to every succeeding generation – guiding us, galvanizing us, and enabling us to move forward in the face of uncertainty.
多年之后，我的一位英雄，埃莉诺·罗斯福（译者注：安娜·埃莉诺·罗斯福是总统罗斯福的夫人，一位不同寻常的第一夫人，她不是以传统的白宫女主人的形象，而是作为杰出的社会活动家、政治家、外交家和作家载入史册。）也曾为了让世界人权宣言采用这些原则作为基石而努力。他们为后来的每一代人指引了方向—引导着我们，激励着我们，在我们面临未知的时候让我们奋勇向前。
As technology hurtles forward, we must think back to that legacy. We need to synchronize our technological progress with our principles. In accepting the Nobel Prize, President Obama spoke about the need to build a world in which peace rests on the “inherent rights and dignity of every individual.” And in my speech on human rights at Georgetown I talked about how we must find ways to make human rights a reality. Today, we find an urgent need to protect these freedoms on the digital frontiers of the 21st century.
当技术突飞猛进，我们必须重新思考这些传统。我们需要将技术的进步与我们的原则同步起来。奥巴马总统在接受诺贝尔奖的时候，他谈到了需要建立起一个建立“在每一位个人的与生俱来的权利和自尊之上”的和平世界。我在乔治敦大学关于人权的演讲中也看到了我们必须找到方法让人权落在实处。今天我们认为要在21世纪的数字化前线保障这些自由是当务之急。
There are many other networks in the world – some aid in the movement of people or resources; and some facilitate exchanges between individuals with the same work or interests. But the internet is a network that magnifies the power and potential of all others. And that’s why we believe it’s critical that its users are assured certain basic freedoms.
世界上有许多其他的网络—有些帮助转移人员或资源；有些则帮助有共同兴趣或协同工作的人们相互沟通。但是互联网是可以扩大所有其他网络的能力和潜能的放大镜。这也是为什么它为其用户保障了基本的自由。
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
言论自由
First among them is the freedom of expression. This freedom is no longer defined solely by whether citizens can go into the town square and criticize their government without fear of retribution. Blogs, email, social networks, and text messages have opened up new forums for exchanging ideas – and created new targets for censorship.
基本自由中的首条就是言论自由。这些自由不再仅仅定义为公民是否可以到城市中心广场批评政府而不担心受到报复。博客、电子邮件、社交网络和短信已经为交换思想打开了新的论坛—也为审查制度创造了新的目标。
As I speak to you today, government censors are working furiously to erase my words from the records of history. But history itself has already condemned these tactics. Two months ago, I was in Germany to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall. The leaders gathered at that ceremony paid tribute to the courageous men and women on the far side of that barrier who made the case against oppression by circulating small pamphlets called samizdat. These leaflets questioned the claims and intentions of dictatorships in the Eastern Bloc, and many people paid dearly for distributing them. But their words helped pierce the concrete and concertina wire of the Iron Curtain.
就在今天我讲话的时候，政府审查者则正在拼命从历史纪录中抹去我的话。但是历史自身已经谴责了这些伎俩。两个月前我在德国庆祝柏林墙倒塌二十周年。聚集在那个仪式上的领袖们赞扬了曾经在屏障物的远端，透过传递被称为地下出版物的小册子为反对压迫做出榜样的勇敢的男女们。这些小册子质疑了东区的独裁者所宣称的动机，许多人因为散播它们而付出昂贵的代价。但是这些话穿透了铁幕的水泥墙和铁丝网。
The Berlin Wall symbolized a world divided, and it defined an entire era. Today, remnants of that wall sit inside this museum – where they belong. And the new iconic infrastructure of our age is the internet.
柏林墙代表了一个分裂的世界，而它定义了整个时代。今天，这个墙的残存部分就
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